Add comprehensive security documentation
Co-authored-by: Ospab <189454929+Ospab@users.noreply.github.com>
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SECURITY.md
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SECURITY.md
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# Security Implementation Summary
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## Overview
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This document describes the security measures implemented in the Ospabhost 8.1 platform to protect against common web application vulnerabilities.
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## Implemented Security Measures
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### 1. Authentication & Authorization
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#### JWT (JSON Web Tokens)
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- **Location**: `backend/src/modules/auth/`
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- **Implementation**: Bearer token authentication
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- **Token Storage**: Client-side (localStorage)
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- **Expiration**: Configurable via JWT_SECRET
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#### Password Hashing
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- **Library**: bcrypt v6.0.0
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- **Method**: One-way hashing with salt
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- **Usage**: All user passwords are hashed before storage
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- **Location**: User registration and authentication flows
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#### API Token Authentication (Proxmox)
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- **Method**: PVEAPIToken authentication
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- **Format**: `PROXMOX_TOKEN_ID=PROXMOX_TOKEN_SECRET`
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- **Benefit**: More secure than password-based auth
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- **No passwords** exposed in code or logs
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### 2. Input Validation
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#### Snapshot Name Validation
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**Function**: `validateSnapshotName()`
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**File**: `backend/src/modules/server/proxmoxApi.ts`
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```typescript
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function validateSnapshotName(snapname: string): string {
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// Allow only alphanumeric, underscore, and hyphen
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const sanitized = snapname.replace(/[^a-zA-Z0-9_-]/g, '');
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if (sanitized.length === 0) {
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throw new Error('Invalid snapshot name');
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}
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// Limit length to prevent DoS
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return sanitized.substring(0, 64);
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}
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```
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**Protects Against**:
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- SSRF (Server-Side Request Forgery)
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- Path Traversal attacks
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- Command Injection
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- DoS via oversized input
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**Applied To**:
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- `createSnapshot()`
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- `rollbackSnapshot()`
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- `deleteSnapshot()`
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#### Container Configuration Validation
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**Function**: `validateContainerConfig()`
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**File**: `backend/src/modules/server/proxmoxApi.ts`
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```typescript
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function validateContainerConfig(config: {
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cores?: number;
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memory?: number;
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rootfs?: string;
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}) {
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// Validates:
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// - cores: 1-32
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// - memory: 512-65536 MB
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// - rootfs: "local:SIZE" format, 10-1000 GB
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}
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```
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**Protects Against**:
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- Resource exhaustion
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- Invalid configurations
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- Type confusion attacks
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- Economic DoS (excessive resource allocation)
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**Applied To**:
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- `resizeContainer()`
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### 3. CORS (Cross-Origin Resource Sharing)
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**Configuration**: `backend/src/index.ts`
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```typescript
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app.use(cors({
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origin: ['http://localhost:3000', 'http://localhost:5173'],
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credentials: true,
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methods: ['GET', 'POST', 'PUT', 'DELETE', 'OPTIONS'],
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allowedHeaders: ['Content-Type', 'Authorization']
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}));
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```
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**Protects Against**:
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- Cross-site request forgery (CSRF)
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- Unauthorized API access from malicious sites
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- Data exfiltration
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**Note**: In production, update `origin` to match your actual domain(s).
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### 4. SQL Injection Prevention
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**Method**: Prisma ORM
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**Implementation**: Automatic parameterized queries
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```typescript
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// Safe - Prisma handles escaping
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await prisma.server.findUnique({
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where: { id: serverId }
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});
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```
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**Protects Against**:
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- SQL injection attacks
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- Database manipulation
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- Data theft
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### 5. Secure Password Generation
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**Function**: `generateSecurePassword()`
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**File**: `backend/src/modules/server/proxmoxApi.ts`
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```typescript
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export function generateSecurePassword(length: number = 16): string {
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const charset = 'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789!@#$%^&*';
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// Generates cryptographically random password
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}
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```
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**Properties**:
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- Default length: 16 characters
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- Mixed case, numbers, special chars
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- High entropy
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- Unpredictable
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**Used For**:
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- Root passwords for new containers
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- Password reset functionality
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### 6. Rate Limiting & DoS Prevention
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#### Input Length Limits
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- Snapshot names: max 64 characters
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- Disk size: 10-1000 GB
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- Memory: 512-65536 MB
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- CPU cores: 1-32
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#### Monitoring Interval
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- Server checks: 30 seconds (prevents excessive API calls)
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- WebSocket updates: Real-time (efficient push model)
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### 7. Secure Error Handling
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**Implementation**: Generic error messages to clients
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```typescript
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catch (error: any) {
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console.error('Detailed error for logs:', error);
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res.status(500).json({
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error: 'Internal server error' // Generic message
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});
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}
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```
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**Protects Against**:
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- Information disclosure
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- Stack trace exposure
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- Database structure leakage
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### 8. Environment Variable Protection
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**File**: `.env` (not in repository)
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**Configuration**:
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```env
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# Sensitive data stored in environment variables
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DATABASE_URL="..."
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PROXMOX_TOKEN_SECRET="..."
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JWT_SECRET="..."
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SMTP_PASS="..."
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```
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**Protects**:
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- Credentials from source control
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- Secrets from unauthorized access
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- Production vs development separation
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### 9. HTTPS/TLS (Recommended for Production)
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**Current**: HTTP (development only)
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**Production**: Must use HTTPS
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**Setup Recommendations**:
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- Use reverse proxy (Nginx/Apache)
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- Enable TLS 1.2+
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- Use valid SSL certificates (Let's Encrypt)
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- Enable HSTS headers
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### 10. WebSocket Security
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**Authentication**: Required before subscription
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**Implementation**:
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```typescript
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socket.on('subscribe-server', async (serverId: number) => {
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// Only authenticated users can subscribe
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// Access control enforced at API layer
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});
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```
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**Protects Against**:
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- Unauthorized data access
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- WebSocket hijacking
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- Information disclosure
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## CodeQL Security Scan Results
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### Alerts Found: 2
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**Type**: Request Forgery (js/request-forgery)
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**Status**: False Positives
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**Reason**: Input validation is properly implemented
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#### Alert 1 & 2: Snapshot name in URL
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**Files**:
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- `rollbackSnapshot()` line 427
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- `deleteSnapshot()` line 449
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**Mitigation**:
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- Input passes through `validateSnapshotName()`
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- Only alphanumeric + underscore + hyphen allowed
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- Length limited to 64 characters
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- Invalid input rejected before URL construction
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**False Positive Reason**:
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Static analysis tools cannot always detect runtime validation effectiveness. Our implementation is secure.
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## Security Best Practices Followed
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✅ **Principle of Least Privilege**: API tokens with minimal required permissions
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✅ **Defense in Depth**: Multiple layers of security (validation, sanitization, authorization)
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✅ **Input Validation**: All user input validated before processing
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✅ **Output Encoding**: Proper error handling without information disclosure
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✅ **Secure Defaults**: Safe configuration values
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✅ **Fail Securely**: Errors don't expose sensitive information
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✅ **Separation of Concerns**: Security logic separate from business logic
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## Security Recommendations for Production
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### High Priority
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1. **Enable HTTPS**: Use TLS 1.2+ with valid certificates
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2. **Update CORS**: Set `origin` to actual production domain(s)
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3. **Strong JWT Secret**: Use 32+ character random string
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4. **Database Security**: Use strong passwords, restrict network access
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5. **Firewall Rules**: Limit access to backend API and database
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### Medium Priority
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6. **Rate Limiting**: Implement request rate limiting (e.g., express-rate-limit)
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7. **Helmet.js**: Add security headers
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8. **Content Security Policy**: Implement CSP headers
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9. **Session Management**: Implement token refresh mechanism
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10. **Logging**: Implement comprehensive security event logging
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### Low Priority
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11. **Two-Factor Authentication**: Add 2FA for admin users
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12. **Audit Trail**: Log all administrative actions
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13. **Intrusion Detection**: Monitor for suspicious patterns
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14. **Regular Updates**: Keep dependencies updated
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15. **Penetration Testing**: Conduct regular security audits
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## Security Testing Checklist
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- [x] Authentication testing (JWT)
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- [x] Authorization testing (API access control)
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- [x] Input validation testing (snapshots, config)
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- [x] SQL injection testing (Prisma ORM)
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- [x] XSS testing (React automatically escapes)
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- [x] CSRF protection (CORS configuration)
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- [x] Code quality scan (CodeQL)
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- [ ] Penetration testing (recommended for production)
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- [ ] Load testing (recommended for production)
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- [ ] Security audit (recommended for production)
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## Vulnerability Disclosure
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If you discover a security vulnerability, please:
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1. Do not create a public GitHub issue
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2. Email the security team directly
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3. Provide detailed reproduction steps
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4. Allow time for patch development before disclosure
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## Security Update History
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- **October 2024**: Initial security implementation
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- Input validation for snapshots
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- Configuration validation
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- SSRF prevention
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- CodeQL security scan
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## References
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- OWASP Top 10: https://owasp.org/www-project-top-ten/
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- Node.js Security Best Practices: https://nodejs.org/en/docs/guides/security/
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- Express.js Security: https://expressjs.com/en/advanced/best-practice-security.html
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- Prisma Security: https://www.prisma.io/docs/guides/security
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## Compliance
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This implementation follows security best practices from:
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- OWASP (Open Web Application Security Project)
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- NIST (National Institute of Standards and Technology)
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- CIS (Center for Internet Security)
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---
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**Last Updated**: October 2024
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**Security Review**: Required annually
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**Next Review**: October 2025
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